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GUIDE: Rescuing Usable Materials at Transfer Stations: The TIOLI Shed Model

This resource was developed by the Institute for Sustainability Engagement (ISE) at Syracuse University. ISE provides no-cost support to communities across NYS and beyond to help them address challenges with solid waste management through the implementation of sustainable materials management (SMM) solutions (i.e., “waste” reduction, reuse, and recycling).

The contents of this article exist in PDF form, slightly edited. To view/download the PDF, click the link to the right (on desktop) in the “downloads” panel, or click the image above.

Take It or Leave It shed at the Village of Scarsdale Transfer Station (Image courtesy of the Scarsdale Department of Public Works)

What are TIOLI Sheds?

Take It Or Leave It (TIOLI) sheds are small, dedicated structures or spaces where community members can donate or take household goods (e.g., cookware, appliances, toys) for free. These spaces help to keep usable materials out of the waste stream and recirculate them in the community, providing both environmental and social benefits. Some examples of TIOLI sheds in New York State include:

TIOLI sheds help to prevent the premature disposal of usable household goods, which can reduce the costs of disposal for municipalities, conserve landfill space and natural resources, save residents money on needed household items, bring community members together, and help achieve sustainability goals.

This document aims to provide clarity around the common challenges of implementing a TIOLI shed, including concerns around staffing, physical space, funding, permitting, and liability, using information from TIOLI shed managers throughout New York State.

Commonly Accepted and Unaccepted Items

Because of the small scale of most TIOLI Sheds, there are commonly accepted and unaccepted items, though individual transfer stations vary. Accepted items are typically required to be in good condition, clean, and functional. Items that are broken, damaged, or dirty are typically unacceptable. For items that are not accepted but still in usable condition, transfer station staff may consider directing residents to local thrift stores/reuse centers, other drop-off locations, or digital marketplaces (e.g., Facebook Marketplace).

Commonly Accepted Items:
-Cookware and dishware
-Decorations
-Toys, games, and puzzles
-Some baby and children’s items
-Office and school supplies
-Tools and home repair items
-Small kitchen or household appliances (e.g., lamps, blenders, vacuums)		Commonly Unaccepted Items:
-Electronics such as computers and TVs
-Large furniture
-Mattresses
-Most textiles (e.g., clothing, bedding, pillows, stuffed animals, rugs)
-Large appliances (e.g., refrigerators)
-Car seats, strollers, highchairs, and cribs

Acceptable and unacceptable items vary by location based on space and capacity of the transfer station. Other items such as bicycles, small furniture, sports equipment, books, garden supplies, small electronics, and building materials are usually decided on an individual basis. Some facilities partner with reuse/repair organizations to take excess, damaged, or unaccepted items as well.

Strategic Benefits of Siting TIOLI Sheds at Transfer Stations

TIOLI sheds can be established at a variety of locations, but there are strategic benefits of siting them at transfer stations. Not only do transfer stations already have facilities and staff present, but they are also the last opportunity for reuse before materials are sent to disposal or recycling facilities.

Since community members already drop unwanted materials at these locations, there is also community recognition of the space and location. In fact, it is common for other types of reuse to already exist at transfer stations (e.g., clothing/textile donation bins, furniture donation corners, mattress recycling, free book libraries). Some municipalities have TIOLI sheds at their Recycling Centers, which can provide similar benefits if residents use these facilities regularly.

Physical Space

Some transfer stations dedicate a specific corner or area of the transfer station for staging reusable items, which reduces the costs of obtaining new infrastructure. Another low-cost option is to reuse existing structures/materials for a TIOLI shed. The TIOLI shed in White Plains, NY was constructed using side-by-side shipping containers.

Pictured are two images of the TIOLI shed in White Plains, NY, which demonstrate its use of side-by-side shipping containers (Image courtesy of TIOLI shed volunteer)

In Scarsdale, NY, an old bus stop overhang was converted into a TIOLI space. Other municipalities received funding through other mechanisms such as grants, fundraisers, or drop-off fees to secure a stand-alone shed or a robust TIOLI space.

Staffing

Even though transfer stations have their own staff, many do not have the capacity to completely monitor a TIOLI shed. Because of this, TIOLI sheds are often run by a group of volunteers who coordinate item drop-offs and pick-ups on specific days/times. The volunteers ensure the quality and eligibility of donated items and enforce visitor rules (e.g., item or time limits per guest, residence verification). Volunteers can also ensure that items are well-displayed so they are easily visible to residents. Clear rules, expectations, and communication can help alleviate potential friction between volunteers.

    ➜ Tips for Volunteer-Based Staffing

  • Potential volunteers: retirees, environmental clubs/organizations, community service groups, students looking for community service hours, TIOLI shed visitors
  • Use communication and scheduling platforms that work for everyone (e.g., SignUp Genius may be good for organizing volunteers, but can ostracize folks with limited technology skills)
  • Make sure volunteers are physically able to move items, especially if you accept bulky or heavy donations
  • Consider having a dedicated volunteer coordinator to make TIOLI management easier for employees and other volunteers
  • Show appreciation to all volunteers (e.g., verbal recognition, periodic celebrations, giveaways, free food/drink provided during shifts) 

Some TIOLI sheds are self-serve, so residents can drop off items and pick up items freely during the transfer station’s hours of operation. Staff then check the shed regularly to ensure that only usable items are donated. For municipalities with the capacity, existing staff may be able to monitor donations and pick-ups during operational hours.

Funding

Many transfer stations are able to fund TIOLI spaces through their existing drop-off fees and material scrapping revenue (e.g., scrap metal). Funding from municipalities may also be available as TIOLIs contribute to sustainability goals, public services and community aid, and lower disposal costs long term. Philanthropic investments, like those from community foundations, are another potential funding source. If community partners are unable to fund a TIOLI themselves, crowdsourcing donations through fundraisers or by using platforms like GoFundMe is another option.

There are also statewide grants available for reuse projects like TIOLI sheds such as:

Liability

Some municipalities have insurance for their entire facility that covers their TIOLI sheds. Though some insurance companies discourage reuse initiatives for liability reasons, some potential solutions are to provide inspections of items upon drop-off, waivers for those taking items, warning labels on items, and clear and thorough outreach to the community. The level of involvement the municipality has in the TIOLI may also influence the liability measures needed (e.g., if it is volunteer run versus staffed by the county/city/town).

Permitting

Since reuse is not waste, TIOLI sheds do not require a permit from the NYS Department of Environmental Conservation’s (DEC) Division of Materials Management, and counties do not need to go through any specific procedures with DEC’s Division of Materials Management to establish a TIOLI shed at a transfer station.

If you have any questions about the information in this document or establishing a TIOLI shed in your municipality, please contact ISE Project Assistant, Ivy Ven Roy, at idvenroy@syr.edu.  

Funding Disclaimer: The development of this resource was supported with funding from the U.S. Department of Agriculture through a Solid Waste Management grant.

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Syracuse University Institute for Sustainability Engagement Awarded $600,000+ in USDA Grants to Expand Rural Initiatives in Waste Management and Water Infrastructure

The USDA has supported the Institute for Sustainability Engagement in implementing various community-based sustainability projects over nearly 20 years in NYS and PR in the sustainable materials management (SMM) and water sectors. Highlights include compost trainings and facility tours, beach cleanups, stewardship workshops (student and community learning), utility site visits, and much more. See article for more details.

The Institute for Sustainability Engagement (ISE) at Syracuse University is pleased to announce it has been awarded over $600,000 in funding through two separate grants from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) for FY 2025. The grants— Technical Assistance and Training (TAT) Grant and Solid Waste Management (SWM) Grant—will support rural communities in New York State (NYS) and Puerto Rico (PR) with the resources and expertise needed to expand access to clean water and sustainable materials management. 

Ensuring the success of these sectors is crucial to protecting public health and rural livelihoods. Many rural communities are on the frontlines of today’s most pressing sustainability challenges—from a rapidly retiring workforce, aging infrastructure, and increasingly frequent storms and weather emergencies. Waste combustion and landfilling are the primary methods to manage solid waste in both NYS and PR, despite the fact that within the next two decades, both regions will deplete the remaining capacity of their active landfills, according to state and jurisdiction data.  

ISE’s Environmental Finance Center (EFC), which has served as a pillar of the institution for over three decades, continues to play a historic and foundational role in ISE’s partnership with the USDA and other supporting entities.  

Alvin Montana II, Chief Operator at Herkimer County Sewer Authority, has partnered with the institute for over two years, and this partnership will continue through the TAT grant. Located along the southern edge of NY’s Adirondack Park, Herkimer County protects critical water resources that are vital to the region’s tourism, recreation, and agricultural sectors. 

“ISE’s Environmental Finance Center has been a critical partner in advancing our capital planning—from refining priorities to helping us take projects out to engineering. Their support has helped us turn long-term water infrastructure goals into the development of shovel-ready solutions for Herkimer County,” Montana said.   

A site visit to a leachate field in Rensselaerville, NY.
Tour of Radix Ecological Sustainability Center in Albany, NY as part of the 2025 NYS Organics Summit, facilitated in part by ISE.
Pictured is a water pipe from a small water system in Caguas, Puerto Rico.
Students part of ISE’s GREEN-PR Stewardship Program learn about recycling and other materials management practices.

ISE Director Melissa Young stated, “We are honored to receive support from the USDA to continue this important work.” She continued, “Rural areas serve as the backbone of agriculture, adventure, our water supplies, and our continued connection to nature, and it’s crucial they receive the support they need to thrive.” 

All projects will kick off in October 2025. 

About the USDA Grants 

Solid Waste Management (SWM) – $434,000 

The SWM Grant will help rural communities in NYS and PR address challenges related to solid waste, promoting innovative solutions for waste reduction, reuse, recycling, and more.  

Through the SWM grant, ISE is committed to diverting a total of at least 10 tons of materials from the waste stream through a variety of strategies and initiatives, most notably; ISE’s long-running Sustainable Materials Management (SMM) Stewardship Programs (in NY and PR) and its Recycle Right NY campaign; a community SMM collection hub to address illegal dumping; a compost use event to improve soil health; and an assortment of workshops, webinars, facility tours, and summits.  

“To help shift away from waste combustion and landfilling, ISE is working to improve recycling systems, establish reuse and repair initiatives, develop composting programs, and more,” shared ISE Assistant Director Jesse Kerns.  “All of which will cycle valuable resources back into rural communities.”  

Technical Assistance and Training (TAT) Grant – $172,000 

The TAT Grant will help rural communities in NYS, PR, and eight Native Nations build resiliency, secure funding, and navigate the complexities of providing safe, clean water. 

ISE’s EFC will continue to lead the way to answer the difficult “how-to-pay” component of environmental protection and improvement, while also facilitating training opportunities on infrastructure financing, operations, and planning; university-student applied learning opportunities with local governments and partners; and distribution of bilingual resources.  

Partnerships 

These awards also represent ISE’s deep-rooted commitment to community engagement through strong partnerships across disciplines. Committed partners assisting ISE in executing USDA funded projects for FY 2025 include: 

New York State Association for Reduction, Reuse, and Recycling (NYSAR3) 

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYDEC) 

The New York State Water Resources Institute at Cornell University 

The Center for Sustainable Materials Management (CSMM) at SUNY ESF 

Puerto Rico Composta 

Basura Cero Puerto Rico 

Sierra Club de Puerto Rico 

Feria Calle

Students from Syracuse University visit water treatment plant in Otisco, NY.
Tour of the Town of Orchard Park’s compost facility as part of the 2024 NYS Organics Summit, facilitated in part by ISE.
Tour of the Town of Orchard Park’s compost facility as part of the 2024 NYS Organics Summit, facilitated in part by ISE.
Approximately 500 pounds of waste (including 20 pounds of recyclables) were collected from the Punta Cucharas Nature Reserve in Ponce, Puerto Rico, thanks to the efforts of nearly 50 volunteers, including stewards, local residents, and university students from the southern region of PR. This activity was conducted on behalf of ISE’s GREEN-PR Stewardship Program.

Repair Economy Reinvigorated in Central New York, Syracuse Institute Leads the Charge

During the Repair Cafe on Saturday, May 10, 2025, volunteer repair coaches fix a broken lamp brought in by a member of the community.

SYRACUSE, NEW YORK — Broken lamps, torn clothes, a coffee machine that just won’t work — items like these are common in most households, and all too commonly wind up in the trash bin. Thanks to cheap replacements and a struggling repair economy, consumerism —and waste — is at an all-time high. In the wake of tariffs, climate change, and rapidly shrinking NYS landfill capacity, a rising repair movement in Central New York is pushing back against the status quo.

The Repair Cafe held on Saturday, May 10 embodies a social movement shaped by residents, activists, and community leaders who want to reduce waste through building strong community networks. The event was facilitated by Repair Cafe CNY, an organization established by the Institute for Sustainability Engagement (ISE) as an offshoot of the global Repair Cafe network. The group aims to reinvigorate repair in Syracuse and the greater CNY region by serving as a central coordinator for free community repair events in the area.

Repair Cafes are not a new concept to the area. The last known effort locally was that of the Syracuse Repair Cafe, which was operational for a few years before the pandemic halted operations. With repair energy now reinvigorated, organizers hope for the Syracuse Repair Cafe’s soon return.

Volunteer repair coaches with expertise in sewing, electronics, and more are busy at work fixing community members’ broken items, saving them from landfill. The event was hosted at the Keenan Center of Entrepreneurship at Le Moyne College.

The inaugural CNY Repair Cafe event brought together skilled volunteer repair coaches (“fixers”) to help 16 guests fix their broken commodities for free, with the support of the Keenan Center of Entrepreneurship at Le Moyne College providing space and necessary tools for specialists in electronics, sewing, bike repair, and more to facilitate the repairs.

Out of 24 items brought in for service (including knives, lamps, small appliances, electronics, and more), 19 were successfully fixed (a success rate of 79%), 3 were diagnosed but unfixable on-site, and only 2 were considered unfixable.

“This event not only diverted 19 items from landfill, but it also allowed people to share their skills and brought the community together. We hope this event can help shift the cultural narrative away from just throwing things away when they break,” explained Morgan Ingraham, ISE Program Associate leading the Repair Cafe CNY charge.

Getting items fixed for free can also be a lot of fun, an often overlooked but considerable benefit. “I didn’t realize the whole cafe would be so excited when something was successfully repaired,” shared front-desk volunteer Moriah Edwards, 33, of Outer Comstock. “Every time an item was completed, there were always other people joining in the celebration. Throughout the day, we would also be retelling stories of the toughest challenges that our repair coaches overcame, or the most sentimental items that people brought in. It made for a really wholesome experience.”

Thirty-six-year-old volunteer electronics specialist Jonathan Cormier from Liverpool agreed. “I really enjoy helping other people and getting to fix things. So it’s a win/win for me.”

These pants and flannel needing repair were successfully fixed thanks to the volunteer fixers at the Repair Cafe hosted at the Keenan Center of Entrepreneurship at Le Moyne College.

And repair cafes go deeper than just repair, helping to build strong, resilient communities that can withstand natural disasters and revitalize their own spaces. Repair cafes also keep valuable knowledge alive across generations, as volunteers pass their knowledge onto residents, who may even become empowered to fix their items themselves (or become a future fixer!). Beyond providing free assistance, repair coaches can also refer residents to local repair shops when they are unable to make a repair, which can strengthen local small businesses.

To find out more about the next Repair Cafe event in CNY, follow Repair Cafe CNY on Facebook and other social media platforms (Instagram, Reddit, LinkedIn, and Bluesky) @repaircafecny. Those interested in joining the CNY community repair movement as a volunteer or coordinator can contact Morgan Ingraham at meingrah@syr.edu.

. A beloved stuffed monkey is given new life thanks to the service provided by volunteer fixers at the Repair Cafe on Saturday, May 10.
Another lamp successfully fixed at the Repair Cafe on Saturday, May 10, 2025 in Syracuse, NY.
A volunteer sharpens 8 knives brought in by local residents at the Repair Cafe held on Saturday, May 10, 2025 in Syracuse, NY.

Syracuse Institute Studies Plastic Stormwater Pollution in Home City

The Institute for Sustainability Engagement (ISE, formerly known as the Center for Sustainable Community Solutions) is helping tackle plastic pollution in our waterways as a sub-awardee of a grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Sea Grant.  

This $300,000 project lead by Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) and Cornell University centers its efforts around stormwater-derived debris, specifically through the use of a trash capture technology known as the LittaTrap, which is designed to capture debris that enters storm drains. As a sub-awardee on this grant, ISE will help to deploy LittaTraps in the City of Syracuse, engage college students to analyze the materials captured (particularly plastic debris), and use that data to help inform plastic pollution reduction recommendations and to generally raise awareness about plastic pollution across the city.  

Once the trash is collected from the LittaTraps, samples are analyzed to determine the quantity of plastic, the sources of the plastic debris, and how that debris moves through the watershed. The data analysis will be used to develop marine debris prevention and reduction strategies.  

Photo depicts an area where a LittaTrap was installed in Rochester, NY to collect stormwater debris for later collection and analysis as part of RIT’s Community Action for Stormwater Clean-Up and Debris Elimination (CASCADE) program. ISE will collaboratively expand this program by conducting similar efforts in Syracuse.

These actions are a collaborative expansion of RIT’s preexisting program, the Community Action for Stormwater Clean-Up and Debris Elimination (CASCADE) program. The team formed under the Sea Grant —which includes project leads RIT and Cornell University and sub-awardees ISE and University of Buffalo (UB) — plans to install more trash capture devices in storm drains across the region, with the goal to create a larger interconnected community network that is actively involved in preventing and remediating debris pollution in Western New York and the watersheds of Lake Ontario and Lake Erie. 

“ISE is thrilled to be joining this effort to better understand the causes and impacts of plastic pollution in our upstate New York communities,” says ISE Assistant Director, Jesse Kerns. “We are thankful for NOAA’s support and for the opportunity to partner with our dedicated colleagues at Cornell, RIT, and UB to develop preventative solutions to this important issue.”  

Funding for this project is part of the Biden administration’s $27 million investment made available under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law to support community-driven marine debris solutions, including prevention and removal. The project is one of 10 Marine Debris Community Action Coalitions selected for funding, which engages communities, groups, and localities, particularly those that have been historically underserved. The selected projects support innovative research and foster local coalitions to address urgent marine debris issues by using the NOAA Sea Grant’s partnered approach to bring science together with communities for solutions that work.  

Students collect the contents of a LittaTrap to analyze its contents as part of a Community Action for Stormwater Clean-Up and Debris Elimination (CASCADE) program project in Rochester, NY conducted in November 2024. ISE will collaboratively expand this program by conducting similar efforts in Syracuse.

Syracuse University Research Highlights Puerto Rico’s Grassroots Climate Response Efforts

The diverse landscape of Puerto Rico — which encompasses coastal lowlands, mountain ranges, and a tropical rainforest — necessitates an equally if not more diverse range of tools and community action to support its residents and ecosystems living in harmony. Amid hurricanes, landslides, and other weather-related crises magnified by climate change, understanding Puerto Rico’s vulnerabilities and ability to adapt to evolving climate risks is essential to its long-term prosperity. The Institute for Sustainability Engagement (ISE, formerly known as the Center for Sustainable Community Solutions) continues to support the Caribbean Island’s mission to achieve greater climate resiliency through the institute’s recent research project funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Climate Program Office (NOAA CPO).

The ISE’s NOAA CPO Adaptation Sciences (AdSci) program FY23 competition project, “Beyond first response: investigating how Puerto Rico’s community-based organizations drive local climate action”, will support Caribbean climate adaptation by co-producing new research on Community-Based Organizations (CBOs), which are an important and understudied pillar of Puerto Rico’s climate-response system. By the end of this $300,000 two-year research project, ISE will advance the dialogue on the role CBOs play in climate adaptation efforts in island communities, contributing to the larger discussion about how policymakers can engage and integrate CBOs into a larger climate adaptation strategy.

CBOs have stepped up as Puerto Rico’s first line of defense against an increasing bombardment of environmental stressors due to a rising global climate. Through their hyper-local leadership, mediation, and implementation, these groups of largely informal, volunteer, not-for-profit civilian teams have established themselves as a vital and trusted resource in the face of climate emergencies, compared to the suboptimal role played by state and federal authorities. Most recently, CBOs were a critical part of a faster and more effective recovery response after Puerto Rico’s Hurricane Maria and Hurricane Ernesto.

“Receiving minimal support in the face of steadily worsening challenges, Puerto Rico is often referred to as an ‘underserved’ population, but this idea does not capture the whole picture,” explained Kaira Fuentes, ISE’s CoPI for the AdSci project. “As an island territory, Puerto Rico’s climate-related risks are exacerbated by a 120-year-long colonial legacy. Those who engage in CBOs are self-determined and proud to serve in their neighborhoods, and their peers trust them to step up where their governments have not. As these groups are critical to driving local action, understanding their function, impact, and opportunities to organize can only strengthen their ability to succeed.”

Flood damage in San Juan, Puerto Rico due to Hurricane Maria in 2017, captured by Dr. Kaira Fuentes.

While Puerto Rican CBOs have become experts in emergency response, the ways in which they facilitate “climate adaptation” (creating a means to deal with future stressors) outside the disaster-response period is less clear. This project will provide new insights into the strategies, tools, barriers, and adaptive capacities of CBOs to drive local climate actions in Puerto Rico through the following interdisciplinary and participatory adaptation research methods:

  • Exploratory case study development
  • Establishment of a Community Advisory Committee
  • Culminating regional presentations and a final report

In addition to identifying and describing how CBOs facilitate climate adaptation in Puerto Rico, this project aims to:

  • Develop recommendations for policy-makers that define strategies and additional areas of study for drawing CBOs more centrally into climate adaptation efforts
  • Develop a framework for integrating participatory research methods in climate adaptation inquiries
  • Support knowledge exchange, amplify local stories and voices, and strengthen the Caribbean community of practice.

This research project is strengthened by the perspectives of its two Puerto Rican Co-Principal Investigators, Fuentes (ISE) and Professor Juan E. Marcano, University of Puerto Rico Humacao (UPRH), who have each contributed significant research on local perceptions of conservation in Puerto Rico and the role of community-based groups in disaster recovery. As institutions, ISE and UPRH provide a breadth of applied and community-based research experience that will strengthen the completion of this project.

The NOAA CPO AdSci program received 27 proposals in Fiscal Year 2023 (FY23), and of these, 11 projects were selected for funding, totaling $3,140,372.00 in grants.

Flood damage in San Juan, Puerto Rico due to Hurricane Maria in 2017, captured by Dr. Kaira Fuentes.
Fishermen from the Laguna San José in Puerto Rico repairing their fishing boats to maintain their means of livelihood, captured by Dr. Kaira Fuentes.

Inspiring Change: Syracuse University Introduces Institute for Sustainability Engagement

Today, the Center for Sustainable Community Solutions (CSCS) is thrilled to announce its rebranding at Syracuse University as the Institute for Sustainability Engagement (ISE). This transformation reflects the organization’s continued and growing commitment to helping communities implement sustainability initiatives through transdisciplinary collaboration.

The transition from a center to an institute marks a significant step forward, positioning it for increased growth and broader impact. As a sustainability engagement institute, ISE focuses on connecting communities with university resources such as academic departments, faculty, and students, while leveraging new opportunities for funding, partnership, and impact.

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Syracuse University Joins Team in $650K National Science Foundation Award to Accelerate Drinking Water Solutions for Small Communities

Kickoff meeting of the National Science Foundation Convergence Accelerator projects in Washington DC (January 2024). VersaWater team members left to right: Tess Clark (Syracuse Center for Sustainable Community Solutions (CSCS)), Kaira Fuentes (CSCS), Melissa Young (CSCS), Alexandra Gearing (Cornell Engineering), and Ruth Richardson (Cornell Engineering).

With funds sub-awarded through the U.S. National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Convergence Accelerator program, Syracuse University’s Center for Sustainable Community Solutions (CSCS) will help develop more accessible pathways for small communities to develop and maintain safe drinking water infrastructure. This collaborative project will focus on communities in Puerto Rico, with the ultimate goal being to use this case study as a framework that can be replicated in other U.S. locations and beyond. The project officially kicked off in February 2024. 

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